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Sea dates

By 04/11/2022Gennaio 23rd, 2023No Comments
Tutela della biodiversità | Approfondimenti

Datteri di Mare

By 04/11/2022Gennaio 11th, 2024No Comments
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Since 1988 Marevivo tackles sea dates illegal fishing

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A victory for Marevivo

After years of mobilisation and fight against illegal sea dates fishing and protected species, also through Marevivo’s action the Tribunal of Torre Annunziata delivered a ruling the 28th October 2022, underlying  the terrible impact of such an activity for marine ecosystem, which comes after that dated March 2022 of the Court of Naples , which attests to the seriousness of this illegal practice and the devastating impact on the entire marine ecosystem, introducing the crime of environmental disaster with sentences of up to 6 years.

These are historic sentences strongly desired by Marevivo represent a crucial step in the defence of the sea.

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Marevivo’s commitment over the years

Marevivo since in 1988 requested and obtained from the Minister of the Merchant Marine, the ban on the devastating sea date fishing and the issuing of a fishing prohibition decree which was later integrated with the prohibition on possession and import.

But the battle to obtain compliance with current legislation, both along the Italian coasts and throughout the Mediterranean, is going to continue as unfortunately there are still many “sea thieves” who, with such an illegal fishing practice, devastate entire stretches of costs due to the highly invasive harvesting technique.

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The current situation

During the sea date fishing, the calcareous rocks in which this mollusc digs tunnels are destroyed, causing the irreparable desertification of the marine habitat.

It has been calculated that to prepare a plate of linguine with sea dates, 1 square meter of sea surface is destroyed.

The sea date belongs to the species of marine bivalve molluscs. In the larval stage it lives free in the water. When it reaches adulthood, it attaches itself to calcareous rocks through a filamentous substance, the byssus, which it produces. It can reach a maximum of 10-15 centimeters. It produces a weak acid with which it excavates the limestone rock; this date grows very, very slowly. It takes over ten years to reach ten centimeters and can live perhaps a few decades.

The danger of the biological desert

The real issue that worries the scientific community is that there seems to be no damage more irreversible and serious than that of date fishing. Because it is the only irreversible damage. Once the rock is stripped away, it remains a biological desert. Forever.

This is an immeasurable damage because this environment loses the ability to produce good, wealth in the form of red coral, fish, tourism.

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Protection

Sea date fishing is prohibited in many areas of the world, including Italy and Europe.

Italy, in particular, was among the first countries to issue laws prohibiting the fishing of sea dates.

The first ban on the collection, possession and marketing of sea dates and white dates goes back to 1988 ((Decree n. 401, 20 August 1988, Ministry of Merchant Marine) and it was subsequently renewed annually and became definitive in 1998 (DM 16 October 1998 ).

At European level, an explicit prohibition of the use of such gear in fishing was ratified by Regulation 1626/94 concerning fishing activities in the Mediterranean and recently reaffirmed by Regulation No. 1967/2006 again relating to this sea which, in article 8, forbids the catching, retention on board, transhipment, landing, storage, sale and display of sea date and white date.

On 10 March 2022, according to the procedure n°8147/2018 RGnr, the poaching of the sea date was recognized and sanctioned as a practice that threatens and violently if not irreversibly destroys the marine ecosystem, effectively determining the impoverishment of the cliffs .

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Marevivo dal 1988 si batte contro la pesca del Dattero di Mare

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Una vittoria per Marevivo

Dopo anni di mobilitazione e lotta contro la pesca illegale dei datteri di mare e delle specie protette, grazie anche alle battaglie di Marevivo è arrivata la sentenza del 28 ottobre 2022 del Tribunale di Torre Annunziata, che arriva dopo quella datata marzo 2022 del Tribunale di Napoli, che attesta la gravità di questa pratica illegale e il devastante impatto all’intero ecosistema marino, introducendo il reato di disastro ambientale con condanne fino a 6 anni.

Si tratta di sentenze storiche fortemente volute da Marevivo che rappresentano un passaggio epocale nella difesa del mare.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”light” text_align=”left” overlay_strength=”0.3″ shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”padding-2-percent” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_link_target=”_self” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” overlay_strength=”0.3″ column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

L’impegno di Marevivo negli anni

Marevivo già nel 1988 chiese e ottenne dal Ministro della Marina Mercantile, il divieto alla devastante pesca del dattero di mare e dunque l’emanazione di un decreto di proibizione della pesca poi integrato con la proibizione alla detenzione e all’importazione.

Ma la battaglia per ottenere il rispetto della normativa vigente, sia lungo le coste italiane che in tutto il Mediterraneo, è destinata a continuare poiché purtroppo sono ancora molti i “ladri di mare” che, con questa pratica di pesca illegale, devastano interi tratti di costa a causa della tecnica di raccolta altamente invasiva.

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La situazione attuale

Per la pesca del dattero di mare vengono distrutte le rocce calcaree in cui tale mollusco scava delle gallerie, causando l’irreparabile desertificazione dell’habitat marino.

E’ stato calcolato che per preparare un piatto di linguine ai datteri di mare si va a distruggere 1 mq di superficie marina.

Il dattero di mare appartiene alla specie dei molluschi bivalvi marini. Allo stadio larvale vive libero nell’acqua. Quando raggiunge l’età adulta si fissa alle rocce di natura calcarea attraverso una sostanza filamentosa, il bisso, da lui prodotto. Può arrivare al massimo a 10-15 centimetri. Produce un acido debole con cui scava la roccia calcarea; questo dattero cresce molto, molto lentamente. Impiega oltre dieci anni per raggiungere dieci centimetri e può vivere forse alcuni decenni.

Il pericolo del deserto biologico

Il punto vero che preoccupa la comunità scientifica è che sembra che non esista nessun danno più irreversibile e grave di quello della pesca del dattero. Perché è l’unico danno che non recupera. Una volta che viene scarnificata la roccia rimane un deserto biologico. Per sempre.

Un danno incommensurabile perché questo ambiente perde la capacità di produrre bene, ricchezza, di produrre corallo rosso, pesce, turismo.

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Protezione

La pesca del dattero di mare è vietata in molte zone del mondo, tra cui l’Italia e l’Europa.

L’Italia, in particolare, è stata tra i primi Paesi ad emettere leggi di divieto della pesca dei datteri di mare.

Il primo divieto di raccolta, detenzione e commercializzazione del dattero di mare e del dattero bianco risale al 1988 ((Decreto n. 401, 20 agosto 1988, Ministero della Marina Mercantile), successivamente rinnovato annualmente e reso definitivo nel 1998 (DM 16 ottobre 1998).

A livello comunitario una esplicita proibizione dell’uso di tali attrezzi nella pesca è stata sancita dal Regolamento 1626/94 riguardante le attività di pesca nel Mediterraneo e recentemente ribadita dal Regolamento n° 1967/2006 sempre relativo a questo mare che all’articolo 8 vieta la cattura, la detenzione a bordo, il trasbordo, lo sbarco, il magazzinaggio, la vendita e l’esposizione del dattero di mare e del dattero bianco.

Il 10 marzo 2022 secondo il procedimento n°8147/2018 RGnr, la pesca di frodo del dattero di mare è stata riconosciuta e sanzionata come pratica che attenta e distrugge violentemente se non addirittura irreversibilmente l’ecosistema marino, determinando di fatto il depauperamento delle scogliere.

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